What is the difference between a badge and a patch?

Scouting patches worn by adult leaders, Mexico City, March 2010.

An embroidered patch, also known as a cloth badge, is a piece of embroidery which is created by using a fabric backing and thread. The art of making embroidered patches is an old tradition and was done by hand. During the first half of the twentieth century they were commonly embroidered using a shiffli embroidery machine. High-speed, computerized machines have led to mass production.

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There are various methods of affixing them to the fabric surface. Embroidered patches can be attached with a pin, sewn on, or affixed with more modern methods such as iron-on, dryer heat-activated adhesive, and Velcro backing.

History

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Embroidered patches—an important identification tool for military and other uniformed personnel—trace their roots thousands of years ago to ancient cultures of the Mediterranean, Mideast, China, India and South America, where the art of decorating fabric with thread stitching originated.[citation needed] Elaborate hand-stitched designs and patterns were used to embellish the robes of royalty and for religious artifacts.[citation needed]

Today, embroidered patches are used by government organisations (including uniforms of military forces, emergency services and other specialised workers), sports teams and companies in the private sector to denote rank, job, specific position or specialised unit. Youth groups, including sports teams, scouting organizations and specialized clubs, often wear clothing emblazoned with embroidered patches. They are also used by space agencies on the uniforms of astronauts to denote the mission (mission patch). Patches are collected by enthusiasts as well.[1]

Military use

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As with other forms of heraldry, the colours and images in military patches are chosen to symbolically convey different positive traits and values.

United States

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Embroidered patches were first adopted by United States military units, with some crude, unofficial examples found on soldiers’ uniforms from the War of 1812, 1845 Mexican War, and the Civil War (1861–65) Unit identifications, also known as shoulder sleeve insignia (or SSI) is a relatively new component of the modern military uniform after originating during World War I, when Gen. John J. Pershing authorized limited use.

The oldest of all official U.S. military patches is the "Big Red One" of the 1st Infantry Division, first issued on October 31, 1918. SSI became common during World War II and distinctive patches for individual units of the US Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, and Coast Guard have become a proud tradition. There is an active collectors' market, especially for rare, limited-edition patches.

Various regulations exist on how badges are displayed, how many may be worn at one time and whether or not such badges may be worn on the uniform of more than one branch of service. In the U.S. Army, the SSI is worn on the upper left arm, just below the uniform’s shoulder seam. It is sometimes worn on other places, most notably when soldiers’ body armor covers their shoulders.

For the U.S. military, patch designs are certified and protected by the Institute of Heraldry.[2] The institute decides how military patches are displayed, how it is worn, and the reasons for display. A hallmark is assigned to each certified manufacturer of military insignia to indicate which manufacturer produced the product. It is illegal for other manufacturers to create designs on their patches that incorporate the likeness of an official Army heraldic item.

The embroidered patch industry is dominated by several long established companies such as the Chicago Embroidery Company (founded in 1890), Lion Brothers (founded in 1899), St. Louis Embroidery (founded in 1887), A-B Emblem, and Penn Emblem (founded in 1947). As with much of the textile manufacturing industry in the United States, manufacturing of emblems has largely moved out of the country, though some manufacturers still maintain domestic factories.

Manufacture

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German police patch Montreux police patch

Before the advent of computer technology, patches were made by hand. The general process, however, remains the same today. First, a fabric backing is cut to shape. To prevent fraying, the edges of the backing are heat-sealed. Then, the thread is stitched into place. Some designs incorporate the backing as the background of the patch, while others completely cover the backing with stitches. To finish the patch, iron-on adhesive may be applied to the reverse—a step that was not originally done.

Machinery created during the 18th- and 19th-century Industrial Revolution changed garment production with technology such as power looms and sewing machines, making fabrics of more uniform quality and greatly increased production efficiency. Embroidery—once a time-consuming hand-made stitch-by-stitch process—was revolutionized by the introduction of the Schiffli embroidery machine, invented by Isaak Groebli of Switzerland in 1863.[3] Like a sewing machine, it operated with a two-thread system. Early production from the multi-needle machine, powered by a hand-turned crank, wasn’t much quicker than handwork, but significantly, multiple copies of identical designs could be created. Groebli's machine utilized the combination of a continuously threaded needle and shuttle containing a bobbin of thread. The shuttle itself looked similar to the hull of a sailboat. "Schiffli" means "little boat" in the Swiss dialect of the German language, so his machine came to be known as a schiffli machine.[4] An automatic machine, refined by Isaak’s eldest son in 1898, simplified the mechanical system so it could be run by a single operator.

Types of stitches—including chain stitch, buttonhole or blanket stitch, running stitch, satin stitch, and cross stitch— are the basis of embroidery. Patches are often crafted from chain, satin, and hemming stitches and machine work relies on the use of multiple threads.

Advanced technology allows virtually any design to be recreated in thread on an embroidered patch. Images previously created by hand in a time-consuming process can now be quickly, digitally scanned, and computer-controlled, with multi-head sewing machines use several colors of thread simultaneously.

Other modern advancements include applying a plastic backing to the patch, improving stiffness, and preventing bunching or wrinkling of the design. Patches are often die-cut into specific shapes with a border protected from unraveling by serge stitching. Polyester blend threads are colorfast and have superior durability as compared to cotton thread.

Alternatives

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Modern alternatives to embroidered patches are PVC (polyvinyl chloride) patches, which allow more intricate designs.[5]

See also

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References

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In the world of insignias and emblems, two terms often come to the forefront – badges and patches. While they may seem similar at first glance, there are key differences that set them apart. This comprehensive guide will delve into the nuances between these two, exploring their basic definitions, the materials used in their creation, and the intricate design process involved.

We will also discuss the various methods of application, their role in uniform aesthetics, and the symbolic significance they hold. Further, we will evaluate their durability and provide insights to help you make an informed decision on when to opt for a badge or a patch.

With a blend of historical context, practical application, and symbolic interpretation, this article aims to provide a thorough understanding of badges and patches, encouraging readers to appreciate their unique characteristics and make informed choices in their use.

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1. Understanding the Basics: Badges vs Patches

When it comes to personalizing your gear or showcasing your achievements, two popular options often come to mind: badges and patches. While they may seem similar at first glance, there are key differences that set them apart.

Badges are typically made of metal or plastic and are often pinned or clipped onto clothing. They are frequently used in professional settings, such as law enforcement or military, to signify rank or accomplishment. On the other hand, patches are usually made of fabric and are sewn or ironed onto clothing or accessories. They are popular in casual settings and are often used to express personal style or affiliations.

Let’s delve deeper into their differences:

1. Material: Badges are typically made from durable materials like metal or plastic, while patches are usually crafted from various types of fabric.
2. Attachment: Badges are often pinned or clipped onto clothing, whereas patches are usually sewn or ironed on.
3. Usage: Badges are commonly used in professional settings to denote rank or achievement, while patches are popular for personal expression in more casual settings.

In conclusion, while both badges and patches serve similar purposes, their differences in material, attachment method, and usage make them unique in their own ways. Whether you choose a badge or a patch largely depends on your personal preference and the context in which you plan to use them.

2. The Materials Used: Comparing Badges and Patches

When examining the materials used in the creation of badges and patches, there are some key differences to note. Badges are typically made from metal, plastic, or leather, and are often designed to be pinned or clipped onto clothing. They can be highly detailed, with intricate designs and often feature a glossy finish. On the other hand, patches are usually made from fabric, and are designed to be sewn or ironed onto clothing. They can also be detailed, but have a more textured, tactile feel compared to badges.

Let’s take a closer look at these differences in the table below:

MaterialBadgePatchMetalCommonRarePlasticCommonRareLeatherCommonRareFabricRareCommon

As you can see, the materials used in badges and patches differ significantly, which contributes to their unique characteristics. Badges tend to be more durable and resistant to wear and tear due to their metal or plastic construction. Patches, however, offer a more traditional, vintage appeal, and can be more versatile in terms of application, as they can be sewn onto a wider range of materials and clothing items.

3. The Design Process: How Badges and Patches are Created

Creating a badge or a patch involves a meticulous process that requires a keen eye for detail and a deep understanding of design principles. The first step in the process is conceptualization. This is where the designer comes up with the idea for the badge or patch. The concept can be anything from a company logo, a team emblem, or a commemorative design for a special event. The designer then sketches the concept, either by hand or using a digital design tool.

Once the design concept is finalized, the next step is digitization. This involves converting the sketch into a digital format that can be read by the embroidery machine. The digitized design is then tested on a piece of fabric to ensure that it stitches out correctly. Any necessary adjustments are made at this stage.

The final step in the process is the production of the badges or patches. This is where the actual stitching takes place. The design is stitched onto a piece of fabric using an embroidery machine. Once the stitching is complete, the fabric is cut out to the shape of the design, and a backing is applied to the back of the patch. The badges or patches are then inspected for quality before they are shipped out to the customer.

1. Conceptualization: Coming up with the design idea and sketching it out.
2. Digitization: Converting the sketch into a digital format that can be read by the embroidery machine.
3. Production: Stitching the design onto fabric, cutting it out, and applying a backing.

4. Application Methods: Attaching Badges and Patches

When it comes to the application methods of badges and patches, there are significant differences to consider. Badges are typically attached to clothing or accessories using a pin, clip, or magnet. This allows for easy removal and reattachment, making badges a versatile option for temporary identification or branding. For instance, a police officer’s badge can be easily clipped onto a uniform, while a conference attendee might wear a magnetic name badge.

BadgeExamplePinPolice officer’s badgeClipEmployee ID badgeMagnetConference name badge

On the other hand, patches are usually sewn, ironed, or glued onto fabric. This creates a more permanent attachment, making patches ideal for long-term identification or branding. For example, a scout’s merit badge might be sewn onto a sash, while a logo patch could be ironed onto a team’s sports jersey. However, some patches also come with a Velcro backing for easy removal and reattachment, offering a degree of versatility similar to badges.

PatchExampleSewnScout’s merit badgeIronedLogo on sports jerseyGluedEmbellishment on a denim jacketVelcroMilitary or tactical patch

5. The Role of Badges and Patches in Uniforms

Uniforms, particularly in professional and organizational settings, often incorporate badges and patches as integral elements. These components serve multiple purposes, enhancing the overall functionality and aesthetics of the uniform.

1. Identification: Badges and patches are primarily used to identify the wearer’s role, rank, or affiliation. They provide a quick and easy reference for others to understand the wearer’s position or authority within a group or organization.
2. Recognition: Badges and patches can also be used to recognize achievements or qualifications. For instance, in the military or scouting organizations, patches are often awarded to signify the completion of certain tasks or the attainment of specific skills.
3. Unity: The use of badges and patches can foster a sense of unity and belonging among members of a group or organization. They serve as a visible symbol of shared values, goals, and experiences.
4. Branding: For businesses and corporations, badges and patches can serve as a form of branding. They can help to promote the organization’s image and increase its visibility.

In conclusion, badges and patches play a crucial role in uniforms, serving as tools for identification, recognition, unity, and branding. Their importance cannot be understated, and they continue to be a staple in uniform design across various sectors and industries.

6. The Symbolic Significance of Badges and Patches

Badges and patches carry a significant amount of symbolism, often representing an individual’s achievements, affiliations, or rank. Badges, typically made of metal or plastic, are often used in professional settings such as law enforcement or the military. They can symbolize authority, expertise, and accomplishment. On the other hand, patches, usually made of fabric, are commonly seen in organizations like scouting or sports teams. They can represent membership, achievements, and milestones.

Here are some key points to consider:

• Badges are often more formal and carry a sense of authority or achievement. They are typically used in professional settings.
• Patches are more casual and versatile. They can be sewn onto any fabric surface, making them popular for organizations like scouting or sports teams.
• Both badges and patches serve as a form of identification, showing affiliation to a particular group or organization.
• They can also serve as a form of recognition, symbolizing the achievement of certain milestones or accomplishments.

In conclusion, while badges and patches may seem similar, their symbolic significance can vary greatly depending on their use and context.

7. The Durability Factor: Badges vs Patches

One of the key considerations when choosing between badges and patches is the durability factor. Patches, typically sewn or ironed onto fabric, are known for their longevity. They are resistant to wear and tear, making them an ideal choice for items that undergo frequent washing or heavy use. However, this durability comes with a downside. Patches are not easily removable or replaceable, which can be a disadvantage if the design needs to be updated or changed.

On the other hand, badges offer a different set of advantages and disadvantages. Badges, often made of metal or plastic and attached with a pin or adhesive, are generally more delicate than patches. They may not withstand harsh conditions or frequent washing as well as patches. However, the flexibility and versatility of badges are noteworthy. They can be easily removed or replaced, allowing for frequent updates or changes to the design. This makes badges a popular choice for temporary identification or for events where the design may change year to year.

Ultimately, the choice between badges and patches often comes down to the specific needs and circumstances of the user. For long-term, durable use, patches may be the preferred choice. For flexibility and ease of change, badges may be more suitable. It’s important to weigh the pros and cons of each option and consider the intended use before making a decision.

8. Making the Right Choice: When to Use a Badge or a Patch

Deciding between a badge and a patch can be a complex process, depending on the intended use and the desired aesthetic. Badges often serve as a more formal and professional option, ideal for corporate events, official uniforms, or any situation that requires a polished appearance. They are typically made of metal or plastic and can be customized with intricate designs and text. However, they can be more expensive and less durable than patches.

On the other hand, patches offer a more casual and rugged look, making them perfect for outdoor activities, sports teams, or casual wear. They are usually made of fabric and can withstand harsh conditions without losing their shape or color. Patches can be sewn or ironed onto almost any type of fabric, making them a versatile choice for various applications.

When making your decision, consider the following factors:

1. Cost: Badges can be more expensive than patches due to the materials used and the manufacturing process.
2. Durability: Patches are generally more durable and can withstand harsh conditions better than badges.
3. Application: Consider where and how the item will be used. Badges are typically pinned onto clothing, while patches can be sewn or ironed on.
4. Aesthetic: Badges offer a more formal and polished look, while patches provide a casual and rugged aesthetic.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the most common materials used in badges and patches?

Badges are typically made from metal, plastic, or fabric, while patches are usually made from fabric. The specific materials used can vary depending on the design and purpose of the badge or patch.

How are badges and patches attached to uniforms?

Badges can be pinned, sewn, or glued onto uniforms. Patches are typically sewn or ironed on, but some also come with a self-adhesive backing that can be stuck onto the uniform.

What is the symbolic significance of badges and patches?

Badges and patches often represent an individual’s rank, role, or achievements within an organization. They can also be used to identify the organization itself, or to commemorate special events or campaigns.

Which is more durable, a badge or a patch?

Both badges and patches can be quite durable, but this can depend on the materials used and how they are attached to the uniform. In general, patches may be more resistant to wear and tear as they are typically sewn onto the uniform.

When should I choose a badge over a patch, or vice versa?

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The choice between a badge and a patch can depend on a variety of factors, including the design, purpose, and uniform requirements. Badges may be more suitable for formal or ceremonial uniforms, while patches may be more practical for everyday wear or for uniforms that need to be washed frequently.