Questions You Should Know about Ev Charging Socket

24 Feb.,2025

 

Everything you should know about electric vehicle charging []

2. Electric vehicles vs. gas

EV charging is one of the reasons you should get an electric car

Whether you&#;re in the market for your first EV or considering upgrading, it&#;s only logical that you&#;re comparing your options. One of the major differences between owning an EV and a traditional vehicle with an internal combustion engine (ICE) is how you fill your proverbial tank. Many find switching from putting gas in a tank to charging a battery with electricity the scariest transition; what if you run out in the middle of nowhere?

EraCharge supply professional and honest service.

In reality, EV range anxiety has as much to do with psychology as it does with the range of electric cars (or the availability of charging stations). In fact, being able to charge your battery is one of the best things about driving an electric car.

The biggest difference between driving gas and electric is that when you&#;re driving electric, you can charge potentially anywhere.

EV charging locations

It may sound obvious, but with a gas vehicle, you can pretty much only fill up your tank at a gas station. With an EV, however, you can charge your car pretty much everywhere: at home, at the office, at a restaurant, whilst doing your shopping, whilst parked on the street, or you can top-up your car&#;s battery at a (no longer aptly named) gas station.

So, the decision to get an EV and thinking about how to charge it go hand in hand. However, because it works a little differently than what we&#;re all familiar with, it can get quite confusing, especially because there are many new definitions you have to wrap your head around.

Electric car charging explained: why is the terminology so complicated?

As a relatively young, scattered, and rapidly growing industry, EV charging terminology is all over the place. There are different charging levels, cables and plugs (which differ depending on where you are), battery capacity possibilities, and estimated actual range.

Charging stations can also vary depending on the type of current they use (AC or DC), their power output, and their charging speed. It doesn&#;t help that many EV charging terms are similar and often used interchangeably. For example, how fast is fast charging really? And what is rapid or even ultra-fast charging?

If you&#;re thinking about buying (or have just bought) an EV, then it&#;s understandable that all this new information can feel a bit overwhelming.

Read on to learn everything you need to know about EV charging so you can start your transition toward electric mobility well-informed.

3. Where to charge an electric car?

EV charging locations

Generally speaking, any location you can park your car in with access to electricity is a potential charging location. So, you can imagine the places you can charge your EV are as diverse as today&#;s electric car models.

As the world is shifting towards electric mobility, the need for a suitable charging infrastructure network has never been more prevalent. As such, governments and cities across the globe are creating legislation and incentivizing the building of charging stations while more and more businesses are tapping into this new market.

The number of publicly available charging stations is steadily increasing and will continue to do so to keep pace with the rapidly growing adoption of electric vehicles across the world.

So in the future, as charging stations become more common fixtures on streets the world over, the locations you will be able to charge in will expand greatly. But what are the five most popular places to charge your car today?

The five most popular car charging locations

According to our Mobility Monitor report in partnership with Ipsos, in which we surveyed thousands of EV drivers (and potential EV drivers) across Europe, these are the five most popular places to charge an electric car:

1. Electric car charging at home

With 64 percent of EV drivers charging regularly at their house, home EV charging takes the crown for the most popular charging location. This comes as no surprise, as charging at home enables electric car drivers to wake up to a fully charged vehicle every day and ensures they pay only for the electricity they consume at their household's electricity rate.

2. Electric car charging at work

34 percent of current EV drivers already regularly charge their car at the workplace, and many more have stated that they would love to be able to do so, and who wouldn&#;t? Driving to the office, focusing on your work during business hours, and driving home at the end of the day in a fully charged vehicle is undoubtedly convenient. As a result, more and more workplaces are starting to install EV charging stations as part of a sustainability initiative, employee engagement strategies, and to satisfy their EV-driving visitors and partners.

3. Public charging stations

Each day, more public charging stations are popping up as cities and local governments are investing heavily in charging infrastructure. Today, 31 percent of EV drivers already use them regularly, and they are likely to play a crucial role in supporting electrification for city dwellers without access to a home charging station.

4. EV charging at gas stations

Charging at home or at the office sounds nice, but what if you&#;re on the road and looking for a quick top-up? Many fuel retailers and service stations are starting to provide fast charging (also known as level 3 or DC charging). 29 percent of current EV drivers already charge their car there regularly.

While charging at the office or at home is convenient while you get on with your day, it can take hours to fully charge a battery, depending on the charging station&#;s power output. For times when you need a quick top-up, fast charging stations allow you to charge your battery in minutes, not hours, and be back on the road in no time.

5. Retail locations with electric car chargers

26 percent of EV drivers regularly charge their car at supermarkets, while 22 percent prefer shopping malls or department stores&#;if the service is available to them. Think of the convenience: imagine watching a movie, having dinner, meeting a friend for a coffee, or even doing some grocery shopping and returning to a vehicle with more charge than you left it with. More and more retail locations are discovering the growing need for this service and are installing charging stations to meet the demand and acquire new customers.

4. Different types of chargers

EV charging levels and all types of chargers explained

Charging can be categorized in multiple ways. The most common way to think about EV charging is in terms of charging levels. There are three levels of EV charging: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3&#;and generally speaking, the higher the level, the higher the power output and the faster your new vehicle will charge.

Generally speaking, the higher the level, the higher the power output and the faster your new vehicle will charge.

However, in practice, charging times are influenced by many things like the car's battery, charging capacity, the charging station's power output. But also the battery temperature, how full your battery is when you start charging, and whether you&#;re sharing a charging station with another car or not can also influence the charging speed.

The maximum charging capacity at a given level is determined either by your car&#;s charging capacity or the charging station&#;s power output, whichever is lower.

Level 1 charger

Level 1 charging simply refers to plugging your EV into a standard power socket. Depending on where you are in the world, a typical wall outlet only delivers a maximum of 2.3 kW, so charging via a Level 1 charger is the slowest way to charge an EV&#;giving only 6 to 8 kilometers of range per hour (4 to 5 miles). As there is no communication between the power outlet and the vehicle, this method is not only slow, but it can also be dangerous if handled improperly. As such, we don&#;t recommend relying on Level 1 charging to charge your vehicle except as a last resort.

Level 2 charger

A Level 2 charger is a dedicated charging station that you may find mounted to a wall, on a pole, or standing on the ground. Level 2 charging stations deliver alternating current (AC) and have a power output between 3.4 kW - 22 kW. They are commonly found at residential, public parking, businesses, and commercial locations and make up the majority of public EV chargers.

At the maximum output of 22 kW, an hour&#;s charging will provide roughly 120 km (75 miles) to your battery&#;s range. Even lower power outputs of 7.4 kW and 11 kW will charge your EV much faster than Level 1 charging, adding 40 km (25 miles) and 60 km (37 miles) of range per hour respectively.

Because of this reason, and thanks to a range of smart charging options, connectivity and safety features that Level 2 AC chargers offer, many EV drivers invest in an AC charging station for their home.

Level 3 charging station (DC fast charger)

Also known as DC or fast charging, Level 3 charging uses direct current (DC) to charge a vehicle&#;s battery directly, instead of the alternating current (AC) used by Level 1 and 2 charging stations. This allows Level 3 chargers to bypass an EV&#;s slower AC/DC onboard converter and deliver DC power directly to the battery.

As a result, Level 3 charging stations can deliver much more power faster, making them ideal for short-stop locations like gas stations and fleet depots. Charging times vary between different vehicles and power outputs, however, generally speaking, Level 3 chargers can charge a vehicle in minutes versus hours for Level 2 or days for Level 1 charging stations.

AC vs DC power

So, the higher the level, the higher the charging speed. All clear so far, right? But what is AC and DC? When is something AC and when DC, and why is DC so much faster?

AC vs DC current

AC stands for &#;Alternating Current&#;, and as its name implies, it changes direction periodically. DC stands for &#;Direct Current&#; and flows in a straight line. Without getting too technical, AC can be transported over long distances more efficiently, so this is why it flows out of your socket at your home and office. However, batteries are only able to store DC power, and electronics use DC to operate.

You may have never realized it, but every time you charge your (or any other electrical device for that matter), the charger converts the AC power it receives from the grid into DC power to charge the battery in your device.

How do electric cars charge?

The same principle goes for electric cars. The difference between AC and DC charging all depends on whether there is a conversion process or not. No matter how you charge it though, at the end of the day, the electricity stored in the car&#;s battery is always DC.

With a DC charger, power is converted from AC to DC by the charger, allowing direct current to flow straight into the battery. With an AC charger, the electricity has to be converted to DC by the car&#;s built-in converter before it can be fed into the battery. This process will always take longer as the onboard charger has a much more limited capacity than the external converters used in DC charging stations.

5. How long does it take to charge an electric car?

What is the average time to charge an electric car and what affects charging speed?

Once you&#;ve got your head around where to charge, what the different levels of charging are, and have a basic understanding of the difference between AC and DC, you can now better understand the answer to the number one question: &#;So how long will it take to charge my new EV?&#;.

How long it takes precisely to charge an EV depends on different factors, such as your vehicle&#;s battery size, charging capacity, as well as a number of other situational factors. But, to give you an idea, here's a quick overview of average charging time estimates for a medium-sized EV.

Level 1 (AC)

About 19 hours

Level 2 (AC)

Between 1h 45 min - 6h

Level 3 (DC)

Between 17 min - 52 min

To give you a somewhat accurate approximation, we&#;ve added an overview of how long it takes to charge EVs below. This overview looks at three average battery sizes and a few different charging power outputs. For a more detailed overview of a specific model, have a look at our electric car specifications page.

Electric car charging times

*Approximate time to charge the battery from 20 percent to 80 percent state of charge (SoC).
For illustrative purposes only: Does not reflect exact charging times, some vehicles will not be able to handle certain power inputs and/or do not support fast charging.

What affects charging speeds?

Electric car battery

The bigger the battery, the longer it will take to charge. Simple, right? An EV's battery capacity is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh), similar to a liter or a gallon but for electricity, with each kWh equal to the amount of energy you would use to run a 1,000-watt appliance for an hour. The vast majority of electric passenger vehicle batteries today can hold somewhere between 25 and 100 kWh when fully charged, with the average EV having a 69 kWh battery capacity.

Charging capacity of the vehicle

The maximum power an EV can accept differs from vehicle to vehicle and can even vary depending on the model of the car. Measured in kilowatts (kW), the charging capacity is shown for both AC charging and DC charging, and each is a large factor in determining how long it takes to charge. For instance, if two vehicles with similar-sized batteries are charging side by side at a high-power DC charging station, but one can only accept 50 kW of DC power and the other 250 kW, then the latter will charge much faster than the former.

Charging output of the charging station

The different output of the charging station plays a large factor in how long it takes to charge an EV. The higher the kW output on a charging station, the faster it can charge (presuming that your vehicle can handle the higher power output).

State of charge

It might sound obvious, but how much charge you have in your vehicle when you begin your charging session also plays a part in how long it takes to charge. The same as when you&#;re putting gas in a traditional vehicle, depending on whether you have half a tank or are almost empty, how long it takes to charge will differ.

The DC charging curve

With AC charging, the power flow from the charger to an EV is mostly flat, meaning that it will charge at roughly the same speed from 0-100 percent full. In contrast, with DC charging, the EV&#;s battery initially accepts a very high flow of power, then quickly peaks and starts to decrease the power it takes in as it begins to fill up.

The reason for this pattern is twofold. You might remember from above that with AC charging, the conversion from AC to DC happens inside the vehicle by the onboard converter. This has a fairly limited power capacity, which is quickly reached and can be sustained throughout the whole charging session.

DC charging, on the other hand, unlocks much greater power output, so it needs to adjust this as the session progresses to avoid damaging the battery. Because of their chemistry, EV batteries can take in much higher power at low states of charge, and this ability decreases progressively as they get closer to full.

As a result, with a DC or Level 3 charger, the initial phase of charging (to 80 percent full) is much faster than the last 20 percent (which may take roughly the same amount of time as the first 80 percent).

Weather conditions

Another factor that will determine charging times is the weather. As batteries operate more efficiently in temperate weather&#;roughly between 20&#;25°C (68-77°F)&#;it will take longer to charge a vehicle in colder or extremely warm weather.

6. How much does it cost to charge an electric car?

Cost to charge electric car

Just like with how long it takes to charge an EV, the cost of charging depends on multiple variables including where you charge it, or the type of vehicle you drive.

Before we get into it in greater detail, here are the approximate costs of charging four different size vehicles (with battery packs from small to large), at three different types of charging stations, so that you can get a ballpark idea of charging costs for your new EV.

Average cost to charge electric car

Important: Prices for each charging segment are approximations based on our experience and do not represent a real-life situation. These calculations are based on a median guesstimate charging tariff and represent the cost to charge from zero to 100 percent.

Size of the electric car battery

The first thing you need to know when calculating how much it costs to charge your EV is the size of your battery. As shown above, the larger the battery, the more kWhs it can store; the more kWhs it can store, the more power it takes to fill the battery; the more power it takes, the more you have to pay to fill your battery. Simple, right?

Vehicles with a larger battery cost more to charge, but can often drive further on a single charge too.

For instance, a Tesla Model 3 Long Range with an 82 kWh battery costs about $12.30 to fully charge at home but has a range of roughly 614 km (381 miles). However, a Fiat 500e with a much smaller 42 kWh battery, while costing a fraction of the price to charge, only has a 321 km (200 miles) range.

Once you know how big your new EV&#;s battery is (measured in kWh), you can approximate how much it costs to charge at different charging stations. The three main options are at home, at public locations, or at fast-charging stations.

EV home charging cost

Charging from home is the cheapest way to charge your new car. Because there&#;s no middle man standing in between you and the cost of energy, you&#;ll always get the cheapest rate available to consumers at home.

Electric car electric bill

How much it costs to charge at home is an easy equation. Simply take your latest energy bill and find the price per kWh you pay at home and multiply it by the size of your battery.

On average, residential prices for electricity vary from around &#;/$0.10 on the low end in Europe and North America to &#;/$0.32 on the higher end.

At the time of writing this guide, we&#;ve taken some averages around the world from Energybot (US), the European Union (EU), and Nimblefins (UK):

  • United States: $ 0.15 per kWh
  • European Union: &#; 0.28 per kWh
  • United Kingdom: £ 0.33 per kWh

That means if you&#;ve just bought a Tesla Model 3 with an 82 kWh battery and pay $0.15 for electricity, you&#;ll be set back around $12.30 to fully charge your EV.

While this calculation gives an estimation of home charging costs, it doesn&#;t take into account the battery&#;s current state of charge, the state of your battery in general, weather conditions, or the type of charger, which can all impact your actual costs.

Cost of charging electric car at public station

Public charging stations can range from offices to curbside stations and commercial parking garages to shopping malls, restaurants, and hotels. The truth is that today, there&#;s no shortage of businesses big and small investing in EV charging. At the same time, cities and governments are investing in EV charging infrastructure to accelerate the shift towards sustainable mobility. When you put both together, you&#;ve got charging stations springing up in a range of locations.

Public charging stations can be either Level 2 or Level 3 (AC or DC charging stations) stations but, for simplicity, we&#;ve split them into two categories and will discuss them separately as they usually come with very different costs.

In both cases, public charging has a middleman providing the service (called charge point operators), so public charging stations usually have a marked-up price in comparison to home charging. How much it costs to charge depends on the base price of electricity in your location and how much the provider charges you for the service.

In some cases, like workplaces and offices, the provider is also an employer and will provide EV charging as an employee benefit and may charge less, or even allow employees to charge for free. Others, like parking facilities and shopping malls, will take the price of electricity and mark it up to make a profit on it, like any other service they offer. Some, like restaurants and hotels, may use EV charging as a way to attract new customers and offer free or discounted charging to patrons.

Just like the diversity in how much it costs, how these providers will calculate costs also differs greatly. Below is a list of the four most common ways to calculate charging tariffs.

  • Connection fee: a fixed amount for each session.
  • Energy fee: a certain price per kWh used during the charging session.
  • Time fee: Cost per minute or hour.
  • Service fee: A one-off markup for providing the service.

For example, a charging provider might charge $0.35 per kWh with a $1 service fee, meaning it would cost you $29.70 to fully charge a Tesla Model 3 with an 82 kWh battery.

How much it costs in practice for you depends on the provider, your country and region. While public charging tends to be more expensive, it is often faster than charging at home, and still cheaper than gas.

Cost to charge electric car at a DC fast charger

Level 3 or DC charging is the fastest way to charge an EV. Depending on the power output and your vehicle&#;s fast charging capabilities, it will likely take somewhere between 15 minutes and an hour to charge your EV up to 80 percent full. These speeds make DC charging stations perfect for quick top-ups at on-the-go locations like highway rest stops, gas stations, or supermarkets.

However, DC charging stations are also the most expensive to build and run. To enable these charging times, DC charging stations have to deliver serious amounts of power to a vehicle&#;s battery&#;think between 50 and 350 kW rather than 22 kW, the maximum output for AC charging stations.

As a result of these high installation and operating costs, charging service providers will often ask for a much higher price to pass on some of their expenses to the customer. In some cases, DC fast charging stations can cost double, or even triple, the kWh price of electricity&#;making the costs here similar to the cost of filling up your tank with fossil fuels.

If you want to learn more, please visit our website Ev Charging Socket.

Typical costs can range from $0.60 per kWh with a $2 service fee to a flat rate of $0.99 per minute. This means that to fully charge the same Tesla Model 3 as above, it would be closer to $50 for a full battery. But where filling up your tank at the gas station is the only option for ICE vehicles, DC fast charging is more of a sporadic convenience on long trips than an everyday tool for your daily commute.

Cost of electric car vs. gas

One of the questions we hear potential EV drivers ask us all the time is, are EVs cheaper to charge than filling up a conventional fossil-fuel vehicle? As you may have guessed by now, the answer to that question is almost always yes.

Regardless of charging costs for individual sessions, when you take into account that most EV drivers charge at home, occasionally topping up when shopping or at the workplace, and using fast charging for long-distance journeys, EV charging is usually a lot cheaper than filling a car with gasoline or diesel.

7. How far can an electric car go?

Electric car range

Another question many potential EV drivers want to know before buying an EV is, &#;how far will I be able to drive with my new car?&#; Or should we say, the real question on everyone&#;s mind is, &#;Am I going to run out of charge on a long-distance journey?&#; This concern is understandable; charging a battery is one of the main differences with driving an ICE vehicle and a question on many people&#;s minds.

In the early days of electric mobility, range anxiety gripped many potential EV drivers. And not without reason: Ten years ago, the best-selling EV, the Nissan LEAF, had a maximum range of only 175 km (109 miles). Today, the average range of EVs is nearly more than double that at 348 km (216 miles), and many EVs have a range of above 500 km (300 miles); plenty for even the longer daily urban commutes.

This increase in range, together with the rapid development of charging infrastructure, means range anxiety is becoming increasingly unwarranted.

But what about long trips? Even EVs with the furthest range may still need to stop and charge on a long journey. This is where DC fast charging stations come in &#; with their high power, they can quickly top up your battery while you stop to eat, stretch your legs, or take a bathroom break. And while it depends on where you live, fast charging infrastructure is growing rapidly and is already widely accessible across the US, UK, EU, and China.

Should I charge my electric car every night?

Most EV drivers won&#;t even have to charge their car daily. Did you know that in the US, the average American drives roughly 62 km (39 miles) a day and in Europe, the daily kilometers driven by car are on average, less than half of what they drive in the US?

The bottom line is that most of our daily commutes won&#;t even come close to reaching an EV's maximum range, regardless of the make or model, and even back in . For a more detailed overview of the range of any specific model, you can have a look at our electric car specifications page.

9. EV charging cables and charger plugs

EV charging connector types explained

Many of the sections above have answered questions you may or may not have had before purchasing your new EV. However, we can take a guess that you probably haven&#;t even thought about charging cables and plugs, the world of EV cables and plugs is as diverse as it is complex.

As different regions adopted EVs simultaneously, each developed its own cables and plugs, and there&#;s still no universal standard for charging to this day. As a result, just like Apple has one charging port and Samsung has another, many different EV manufacturers and countries use different charging technologies. To get a detailed overview of a specific model, our electric car specifications page shows the type of plug types and other specifications per car.

Broadly speaking, the two main ways EV charging can differ are the cable connecting the car to the charging station or wall outlet and the type of plug used to connect the vehicle to the charging station.

EV cables

Charging cables come in four modes. While each is most commonly used with a specific type of charging, these modes do not necessarily always correlate to the &#;level&#; of charging.

Mode 1

Mode 1 charging cables are used to connect light electric vehicles like e-bikes and scooters to a standard wall outlet and cannot be used to charge EVs. Their lack of communication between the vehicle and the charging point, as well as their limited power capacity, make them unsafe for EV charging.

Mode 2

When you purchase an EV, it will typically come with what&#;s known as a Mode 2 charging cable. This type of cable allows you to connect your EV to a standard household outlet and use it to charge your vehicle with a maximum power output of around 2.3 kW. Mode 2 charging cables feature an In-Cable Control and Protection Device (IC-CPD) which manages the charging process and makes this cable much safer than Mode 1.

Mode 3

A Mode 3 charging cable connects your vehicle to a dedicated EV charging station and is considered to be the most common for AC charging. Mode 3 cables can either be built into a charging station or removable &#; in fact, many EV manufacturers will provide a Mode 3 cable with their new cars to enable public charging.

Mode 4

Mode 4 charging cables are used when fast charging. These cables are designed to transfer the higher power from DC (level 3) charging, must be connected to a charging station, and are often even liquid-cooled to deal with the heat.

EV charging plug types (AC)

The charging plug is a connector that you insert into the charging socket of an electric car. These plugs can differ based on power output, the make of the vehicle, and the country the car was manufactured in.

You&#;ll find that EV charging plugs can be mostly broken down by region and whether they&#;re used for AC or DC fast charging. For example, the EU primarily uses Type 2 connectors for AC charging, while the US uses CCS1 for DC fast charging.

AC charging plugs


*These numbers represent the maximum power output that a plug can deliver at the time of writing this article. The numbers do not reflect actual power outputs as this is also dependent on the charging station, charging cable, and the receptive vehicle.

EV charging plug types (DC)

DC charging plugs

Plug Type

Design

Power output*

Locations

CCS1

Up to 350 kW

North America

CCS2

Up to 350 kW

Europe

CHAdeMO

Up to 200 kW

Japan

GB/T

Up to 250 kW

China

*These numbers represent the maximum power output that a plug can deliver at the time of writing this article. The numbers do not reflect actual power outputs as this is also dependent on the charging station, charging cable, and the receptive vehicle.

What about the Tesla charging plug?

There is one exception to the charging plugs presented above, and that&#;s Tesla&#;s proprietary charging plug used by the company for its North American vehicles. Recently, Tesla opened up its charging plug for other manufacturers to adopt, now called the North American Charging Standard (NACS). This will mean that the existing Type 1 and NACS will likely coexist for a while in the American market, and time will tell which &#; and whether &#; one will come out on top.

8 Key Questions to Ask Before Installing EV Chargers at Your ...

EV adoption is growing steadily, so if they aren&#;t already doing so, you should be prepared for more of your existing and potential residents to request access to EV chargers at your locations. Failing to plan ahead could put you at risk of falling behind the competition as EVs become the standard auto technology of choice in the years ahead. 

Meeting this demand is not, however, as simple as merely installing a handful of EV chargers throughout your parking areas. Differences in charging speed and vehicle compatibility, onboard communication and intelligence features, and solutions to better incorporate your chargers into your larger electrical ecosystem should all be carefully considered before you go about putting chargers on the wall or in the ground.

Not sure where to start? Here are seven key questions to help guide you as you plan your EV charging infrastructure rollout.

The Basics: Which type of EV charger should we install?

Level 1 chargers typically use a standard household 110V outlet. These plugs provide the slowest charge &#; usually around 5 miles per hour. An overnight charge with a Level 1 plug, then, would top a car up by about 50 miles of charge, depending on the vehicle. For most drivers (unless driving is done infrequently), using a level 1 charger is a temporary solution until they or their landlords can install the faster, Level 2, charger.

Level 2 chargers are the standard for multifamily properties. Charging speeds are much faster with Level 2 compared to Level 1, providing the driver with around 15-25 miles of range per hour. In most cases, it&#;s easy to get a car to fully charge overnight. However, installing many level 2 chargers can pose a challenge in older buildings with dated electrical infrastructure without intelligent load management &#; more on that below.

Level 3 chargers, often called &#;DC Fast Chargers,&#; provide a lot of power very quickly&#; but that comes at a much greater cost. This design is closer to that of a gas station pump and usually allows a driver to park and fully charge their car in 25-30 minutes. While it seems like a benefit to have a machine that charges so quickly, it&#;s usually unnecessary for home living situations, and each individual charger often will cost more than a hundred thousand dollars, making them prohibitively expensive. These kinds of chargers also tend not to offer the kind of charging experience EV drivers actually want at home.

Assessing the demand: How many EV chargers do we need?

Understanding the current and projected demand for EV charging at your multifamily property is crucial to sizing your EV charging system and any electrical upgrades properly.

Here are some general guidelines to keep in mind as you plan:

  • High-level research: By , experts predict that 30% of new vehicles will be electric. That&#;s not to say you should have EV chargers for 30% of your residents, but over the next few years, a LOT more electric vehicles will be on the road&#; and in your parking lot. To stay competitive, you&#;ll want to ensure that you can keep pace with this demand in a sustainable way.
  • Resident EV demand: Do you have a sense of how many EV drivers you have in the building? For shared chargers, a general rule of thumb is 1 shared charger for every 3 EV drivers. Consider sending out a survey to understand how many of your tenants/residents intend to purchase an EV in the next 2-5 years.
  • Electrical capacity: Do you know how much available electrical capacity your system has that could be used today to install new EV chargers? Typically, each level 2 charger would need 40 amps of available space on a breaker. With an intelligent load management tool, though, your building can &#;load share&#; that same 40 amps between up to four Level 2 chargers without requiring you to expand electrical capacity (or expand it as much).

How can we manage the installation cost of an EV charging system?

Costs are often cited as the main reason why property owners are hesitant about installing EV chargers. Upgrading electrical infrastructure can be a significant cost &#; especially in cases where the building was not constructed with EV charging in mind. But there are ways to alleviate your costs, both in the short and long term.

One tool that&#;s integral to almost any system is load management. Load management is the ability to share electricity across multiple electric vehicle charging sessions at the same time. It can mean the difference between having to make an enormously expensive electrical upgrade or not, thereby putting the installation of EV charging infrastructure well within reach for buildings where such projects would otherwise be too expensive or difficult (including many older buildings).

For example, SWTCH Control is our load management technology and is used to help property operators install and manage up to 4 chargers on the same circuit &#; most often allowing the building to forgo expensive electrical infrastructure upgrades. With this tool in place, you can intelligently manage your EV chargers&#; energy use in real-time, and ensure that all cars are fully charged by the morning.

Learn from the pros: Here is a great example of a MURB that kept installation costs low by using SWTCH&#;s load management system.

Another extremely effective way to lower the costs of rolling out this kind of project is to take advantage of local incentives and rebates. They can significantly reduce the cost of installing EV charging &#; up to 100% in some areas! You can contact us for help digging into incentives that may be available for your properties.

How do we scale up the number of chargers?

The number of chargers you need will be determined by the estimated number of EVs in your building. With EV ownership on the rise, the question becomes one of how many chargers to install each year. You don&#;t want to break the bank in your initial installation, but you also don&#;t want to fall behind your competition.

Lay a solid foundation by taking the following steps.

  1. Opt for solutions that use load management technology to reduce the amount of electrical infrastructure expense you&#;ll face in building out your charging system.
  2. Select an open software platform to ensure you have flexibility in adding or removing hardware over the years. You don&#;t want to lock yourself into a closed platform only to run into problems if the solution doesn&#;t work well or hardware stops being manufactured. You&#;ll need to rip everything out to start over.
  3. Get started with a few chargers as a pilot program, and grow sustainably over time as your building&#;s needs change.

How can I maintain and manage our EV chargers?

Just getting chargers installed isn&#;t the whole story. Once they&#;re in, maintenance and management of those chargers are required to ensure they deliver what tenants and visitors need.

There are steps that can be taken during the installation phase to minimize your maintenance requirements. These include:

  • Placing the charger somewhere accidental collisions are unlikely to happen
  • Ensuring cables can be neatly put away (cable retractors work well for this)
  • If outdoors, finding a way to protect the charger from snow, ice, salt, and other potentially harmful elements

It&#;s also advisable to do preventative maintenance to keep chargers in good working order. Ideally, once a year, someone from your maintenance team should inspect each station for the following:

  • Visible cracks in the chargers
  • Dislodging or degradation of the cables
  • Dirt or other obstructive materials to interfere with properly connecting the chargers to vehicles
  • Damage to, or bending or warping of, the charger connector&#;s pins

Note that the frequency of this kind of inspection may need to be adjusted for shared or publicly accessible chargers that get frequent use from many drivers, as well as chargers that are unable to be kept safe from outdoor elements.

If you notice that your chargers develop problems more frequently, you will likely want to conduct preventative maintenance inspections more often.

There are also some EV charging partners that offer maintenance plans as part of their installation or ongoing software agreements, which can allow you to offload this portion of maintaining your network to a trusted partner.

As for charger management, it&#;s made far simpler when all your chargers are connected, either wirelessly or via a wired internet connection, to your local network, and made accessible via a centralized management solution. This will make it much easier to understand charger usage patterns, see when a charger is in need of repair, and handle pricing and payments.

Take a look at our connected charger management system, SWTCHOS

How will we meter the electricity, and who do we charge?

If you want to precisely meter the electricity consumed by chargers on your properties and ensure that the right people are paying for the electricity that is consumed, it&#;s essential that you invest in networked chargers that can be remotely managed by your team, as well as a solution that allows for charging sessions to be billed directly to the EV driver, and not requiring management to determine who charged when.

This solves two problems at once:

  1. A connected charger will transmit all essential data to your management software, giving you a complete picture of the usage of your chargers, including the energy they use. If you don&#;t use such a system, it becomes much more difficult to understand energy consumption at a granular level. Electricity usage will just appear as part of the total energy bill for your building.
  2. By using a system with accounts tied to an app or an RFID card, any charging sessions a user starts will be billed to their account. For sessions started directly from a credit card or other payment option, a charge will be issued at the time of charge.

How can I ensure my chargers are reliable?

When it comes to EV charging stations, reliability is essential. Drivers depend on regular and accessible charging, so a defective charger presents a major setback for them and something that could potentially harm their relationship with the charger owner.

Keeping up with preventative maintenance, as mentioned earlier, is key to ensuring reliability. Other considerations include:

  • Selecting quality hardware and software known for being resilient and offering uptime as close to 100% as possible
  • Ensuring installation of your chargers is done by experienced professionals. Wiring and mounting of the chargers must be done in accordance with local regulations.
  • Using a networked solution that can monitor the chargers 24/7 is incredibly valuable so they can flag any issues and take immediate action if a charger is suddenly out of service or underperforming.
  • Checking in with your EV drivers to get feedback. They may have insight into the state of your chargers that you cannot see from your management software.

Charger reliability is one of the biggest pain points for EV drivers today, so taking care to set your installation up the right way, and to be proactive about handling repairs and inspections, will go a long way to keeping your EV drivers happy.

How do I create a good user experience for EV owners?

Keeping things simple, and putting into practice the recommendations from throughout this article, is ultimately the way to go:

  1. Install one charger in each dedicated parking spot used by an EV owner, or enough shared chargers that you&#;re unlikely to have situations where EV drivers are frustrated by limited access to charging when they need it.
  2. Install Level 2 chargers. These are fast enough that, over the typical charging period of several hours or overnight, every driver should be able to get to either full or nearly full charge.
  3. Ensure your chargers are in good working order. Ideally, you want as close to 100% uptime as possible.
  4. Use an access system tied to individual accounts, via apps or RFID cards, to streamline payments and billing.

For the majority of drivers, all that matters is that they have access to EV chargers, that they work when needed, and that starting and paying for charging sessions is a painless experience. If you can deliver on that, you&#;ll have created the kind of user experience that is likely to keep your tenants and visitors happy.

Contact us to discuss your requirements of EV Charging Cable. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.